Sash windows (also known as ‘hung’ sash-windows) have been around for about 400 years and remain the most popular window configuration to date. The name is derived from the fact that these windows contain at least one moving ‘sash’ in their design. The sash is the name given to the part that holds the glass panes (also called ‘lights’) in place.
Some hung windows contain only one movable panal (sash) but most will have two. These panels most commonly open from top to bottom (vertically) but can also be made to operate in a sideways fashion (horizontally). The glass used in these units has traditionally been single-paned but recently double-pane and even triple-pane configurations have been available. When properly installed, extra panes give better insulation and efficiency.
The operation of this type of window is made possible by a pulley and counter-weight system. A weight hidden within the frame and attached by the means of pulleys and ropes (or chains) counter-balances the force of the moving sash to facilitate ease of movement. When older versions of this type of window become inoperable or difficult to open and close the problem can often be solved by refurbishing this counter-balancing system. After many decades of use they become worn may require some basic maintenance. It’s not too difficult to accomplish.
In some designs, hinges are installed which can hold the movable sash in place while simultaneously disengaging it from the counter-balancing weight. This makes cleaning the unit easier and can also make an emergency escape through the window quicker and easier. Also, some designs forego the use of weights and pulleys, opting instead for a system of spring balances.
If both sashes in the window are intended to operate this is called a double-hung window. While this is the most popular configuration, single-hung versions are also available. Though traditionally constructed almost exclusively from wood, these windows are now found in various other materials as well. The most popular, PVC plastic (poly vinyl chloride)is both durable and less expensive to buy (generally).
Speaking of replacement, owners of older homes are often faced with the decision of replacing or repairing existing windows that have become inefficient or nonworking. If possible, repair is usually advisable to replacement. It’s cheaper, generally looks better and can be made to be nearly just as energy efficient.
If you live in an area where window replacement is restricted or your home happens to be ‘listed’ your options are limited. Plastic windows are no doubt taboo. Anyway, the original ones will always LOOK better, especially if you have them professionally reconditioned. They can actually be made to be BETTER than new!
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